Turkey is a country of great history and culture. Spanning two continents and bordering eight countries it is a country of great natural resources and substantial political and economic growth.

Since Turkey was not a party to the UNFCCC when the Protocol was adopted in 1997, Turkey's name is not listed in Annex-B to the Kyoto Protocol. Turkey is now the only country that is listed in Annex-I to the UNFCCC (but in a situation that is different from other previously Annex-I Parties, pursuant to 26/CP7.

Turkey has ratified the Protocol by 26th of August 2009,but it does not yet have a quantified GHG emission reduction target, but would have to negotiate one in case of ratification. The Turkish GHG inventory (2006) indicates that Turkey's GHG emissions amounts to 297 MtCO2e as of 2004, a 74 % increase as compared to 1990 level (170 mtCO2t)

How can Kyoto targets be achieved by Annex-I countries?

Through domestic measures; or by buying credits through Kyoto cooperative (flexible) mechanisms:

- Project-based mechanisms: Joint Implementation (JI) Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)

- International Emission Trading (IET)

Kyoto Protocol gives the Annex I countries the opportunity to reduce emissions anywhere in the world - wherever the cost is lowest - and they can then count these reductions towards their own targets.

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